Perga (Pseudoperga ) Guérin-Méneville, 1845: 398. Type species:Perga lewisii Westwood. Subsequently designated by Shipp, 1894: 339.
Pseudoperga: Benson, 1939: 353-355. Change of status.
Citations
Shipp 1894 [key, systematics – classification: 339]; Ashmead 1898 [key, new taxon: 232]; Konow 1905a [synonymy: 11]; Rohwer 1911a [type information: 88]; Benson 1939 [description of adult, distribution (range), illustration of adult, key: 326, 327, 353-355]; Riek 1970b [behaviour, stridulation: 882]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist: 144-145]; Pagliano & Scaramozzino 1990 [catalogue/checklist: 171]; Naumann 1991 [illustration of adult: 933]; Abe & Smith 1991 [systematics – classification: 72]; Macdonald & Ohmart 1993 [fecundity, oviposition: 488]; Pschorn-Walcher 1998 [behaviour, oviposition, sociality: 460, 464].
Pseudoperga belinda (Kirby)
Perga belinda Kirby, 1882: 27. Type locality: Australia: South Australia. Syntype, female. Type depository: BMNH. Described: female. Illust.
Perga nemoralis Wilson, 1932a: 43-45. Type locality: Australia: Wonga Park, Victoria. Syntype, male, female. Type depository: MVME. Described: male, female. Illust. Synonymy by Benson, 1939: 354.
Perga corrugata Forsius, 1935: 11-12. Type locality: Australia: Sydney, New South Wales. Holotype female, by original designation. Type depository: MHNG. Described: female. Synonymy by Benson, 1939: 454.
Pseudoperga belinda: Benson, 1939: 354. Change of combination.
Citations
Dalla Torre 1894 [catalogue/checklist: 349]; Froggatt 1890c [catalogue/checklist: 694]; Konow 1905a [distribution (range): 11]; Morice 1919 [distribution (range), illustration of lance/lancet, key, type information: 271, pl. xiv, fig. 17]; Raff 1930 [distribution record, parasitism, rearing, seasonal distribution: 216]; Raff 1935(1934) [development, distribution record, illustration of immature stages, parasitism, parasitism rates, rearing, sex ratio: 57, 59, 60, 63-64]; Benson 1939 [description of adult, distribution (range), key, synonymy: 354]; Martyn et al. 1971 [distribution record, host plant: 17]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist, host plant: 144]; Smith 1980b [distribution record: 333]; Schmidt 2006 [catalogue/checklist, synonymy, host plant: 631].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (New South Wales [Forsius 1935, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Smith 1980b, Schmidt 2006], South Australia [Morice 1919, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006], Tasmania [Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006], Victoria [Wilson 1932a, Raff 1935(1934), Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006]).
Associations
Foe – HYMENOPTERA Trigonalidae: Taeniogonalos maculata Smith [Raff 1935(1934)]. Hosts – MYRTALES Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus sp. [Martyn et al. 1971, Schmidt 2006].
Pseudoperga ferruginea (Leach)
Perga ferruginea Leach, 1817: 118. Type locality: “Australasia”. Syntype female. Type depository: ANIC. Described: female. Illust.
Perga scabra Newman, 1846: 1274. Type locality: “Australasia”. Syntype, unknown sex, probably lost. Synonymy by Konow, 1905a: 11.
Perga newmanni Westwood, 1880: 370. Type locality: “Australasia”. Syntype, male. Type depository: OXUM. Described: male. Synonymy by Konow, 1905a: 11.
Perga sellata Kirby, 1893: 40-41. Type locality: Australia: Melbourne, Victoria. Syntype, male. Type depository: BMNH. Described: male. Synonymy by Morice, 1919: 274.
Perga froggatti Rohwer, 1910: 468. Type locality: Australia: New South Wales. Holotype female, by original designation. Type depository: BMNH. Described: female. Synonymy by Morice, 1919: 274.
Pseudoperga ferruginea: Benson, 1939: 354. Change of combination.
Citations
Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau 1823 [diagnosis, distribution (range): 42]; Blanchard 1840 [distribution (range): 229]; Westwood 1880 [description, distribution (range), key, new taxon: 361, 370, 376]; Kirby 1882 [description, distribution (range), illustration of female, type information: 23, 24, pl. ii, fig. 6]; Froggatt 1890c [catalogue/checklist: 692, 693]; Shipp 1893 [distribution record, type information: 264, 265]; Dalla Torre 1894 [catalogue/checklist: 350, 351]; Shipp 1894 [systematics – classification: 340]; Konow 1905a [distribution (range), synonymy: 11, 12]; Morice 1919 [distribution (range), illustration of female, illustration of lance/lancet, key, synonymy, type information: 274, 285, pl. xii, fig. 13, pl. xiv, fig. 14]; Forsius 1927 [distribution record: 285]; Forsius 1929a [distribution record: 84]; Benson 1939 [description of adult, distribution (range), key, synonymy: 354]; McKeown 1944 [behaviour: 169]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist: 144]; Muche 1986 [distribution record: 151]; Naumann et al. 1994 [type information: 71]; Schmidt 2006 [catalogue/checklist, host plant, synonymy: 631]; Schmidt et al. 2006 [host plant: 183].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (Capital Territory [Benson 1939, Schmidt 2006], New South Wales [Westwood 1880, Kirby 1882, Konow 1905a, Morice 1919, Forsius 1929a, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006], Queensland [Westwood 1880, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Muche 1986, Schmidt 2006], South Australia [Benson 1939, Schmidt 2006], Victoria [Kirby 1893, Morice 1919, Forsius 1929a, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006]).
Associations
Hosts – MYRTALES Myrtaceae: Corymbia gummifera (Gaertn.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson [Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006],Eucalyptus crebra F.Muell. [Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006],Eucalyptus propinqua H.Deane & Maiden [Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006].
Pseudoperga guerinii (Westwood)
Perga guerinii Westwood, 1880: 367. Type locality: Australia. Syntype, male. Type depository: OXUM. Described: male. Illust.
Perga smithii Westwood, 1880: 375-376. Type locality: “Australasia”. Syntype, female. Type depository: OXUM. Described: female. Illust. Synonymy by Morice, 1919: 273.
Perga sericea Kirby, 1893: 40. Type locality: Australia: Melbourne, Victoria. Syntype, male. Type depository: BMNH. Described: male. Synonymy by Morice, 1919: 274.
Pergadopsis guerinii: Shipp, 1894: 340. Change of combination.
Pseudoperga sericea: Shipp, 1894: 340. Change of combination.
Pseudoperga smithi: Shipp, 1894: 339. Change of combination.
Pseudoperga guerinii: Benson, 1939: 354. Change of combination.
Citations
Kirby 1882 [distribution (range): 24, 25]; Froggatt 1890c [catalogue/checklist: 692, 693]; Shipp 1893 [distribution record, type information: 264, 265]; Dalla Torre 1894 [catalogue/checklist: 350, 351]; Shipp 1894 [distribution (range), nomenclature: 339, 340]; Morice 1919 [distribution (range), illustration of lance/lancet, key, synonymy, taxonomy, type information: 273-274, 284, pl. xiv, fig. 15]; Forsius 1927 [distribution record: 285]; Forsius 1929a [distribution record: 84]; Wilson 1932b [diagnosis, distribution (range), mating, seasonal distribution, taxonomy: 45-46]; Benson 1939 [behaviour, description of adult, distribution (range), illustration of lance/lancet, key, synonymy: 343, 354]; Leask 1944d [distribution record: 2]; Morrow et al. 1976 [behavioural defence, distribution record, ecology, feeding, host plant, illustration of immature stages, natural enemies: 193-205]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist, host plant: 144-145]; Weinstein 1991 [behaviour, illustration of female, illustration of immature stages: 853]; Schiff 2004 [illustration of female (guarding young larvae)]; Schmidt 2006 [catalogue/checklist, host plant, synonymy: 631]; Schmidt et al. 2006 [host plant: 183].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (Capital Territory [Benson 1939, Schmidt 2006], New South Wales [Forsius 1927, Benson 1939, Morrow et al. 1976, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006], Queensland [Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006], South Australia [Forsius 1927, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006], Victoria [Kirby 1893, Morice 1919, Forsius 1929a, Wilson 1932b, Leask 1944d, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006]).
Associations
Hosts – MYRTALES Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus dives Schauer [Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006], Eucalyptus pauciflora niphophila (Maiden & Blakely) L. Johnson & Blaxell [Morrow et al. 1976, Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006], Eucalyptus piperita Sm. [Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006].
Biology
Couples in copula have been collected at 4000 ft (1220 m) at Mount St Bernard, Victoria (Wilson 1932b). This is the only published observation of mating in the subfamily Perginae.
Pseudoperga lewisii (Westwood)
Perga Lewisii Westwood, 1837: 234. Type locality: “Australasia”. Syntype, female. Type depository: OXUM. Described: female.
Tenthredo (Perga ) rufescens Blanchard, 1844: pl. 108, fig. 2. Synonymy by Konow, 1905a: 12. Antenna figured only, no further data.
Pseudoperga lewisii: Shipp, 1894: 339. Change of combination.
Citations
Lewis 1837 [behaviour, behavioural defence, description of egg, description of female, description of immature stages, host plant, oviposition: 232-234]; Lewis 1839 [behaviour, defence, rearing: xliv]; Guérin-Méneville 1844 [taxonomy: 398]; Blanchard 1844 [illustration of adult: Pl. 108, Fig. 2]; Westwood 1880 [behaviour, behavioural defence, biology, description of female, distribution (range): 374-375]; Kirby 1882 [distribution (range): 24]; Brittlebank 1888 [behaviour, description of egg, development, host plant, life history, oviposition: 57-58]; Froggatt 1890a [description of immature stages, development, rearing, sex ratio: 286-287]; Froggatt 1890c [catalogue/checklist: 693]; Shipp 1893 [distribution record, type information: 264]; Dalla Torre 1894 [catalogue/checklist: 351]; Shipp 1894 [distribution (range), nomenclature: 339]; Froggatt 1901 [behaviour, behavioural defence, common name, description, description of immature stages, host plant, illustration of female, life history, oviposition: 6-7, plate]; Konow 1905a [distribution (range), synonymy: 12]; Konow 1905b [taxonomy: 153]; Froggatt 1907 [behaviour, description of adult, host plant, illustration of female, oviposition: 72, pl. X]; Morice 1919 [distribution (range), illustration of lance/lancet, key: 274, pl. xiv, fig. 13]; Tillyard 1926 [description: 265]; Benson 1928 [biology: 313]; Forsius 1929a [distribution record: 82]; Blackburn 1930 [behaviour: 25]; Wilson 1932b [diagnosis, taxonomy: 45-46]; Benson 1939 [description of adult, distribution (range), host plant, illustration of adult, key, synonymy: 328, 355]; McKeown 1944 [behaviour, host plant, oviposition: 169]; Leask 1946 [host plant: 1-2]; McKeown 1941 [host plant, impact/damage: 336]; Hardy 1948 [behaviour: 1-2]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist, host plant: 145]; Clyne 1986 [behaviour, behavioural defence, development, illustration of adult, illustration of immature stages, oviposition, sociality: 494-495]; Weinstein 1989 [behaviour: 55]; Elliott & Bashford 1995 [description of immature stages, development, economic importance, feeding, host plant, illustration of adult, illustration of immature stages, life history, mortality, oviposition, parasitism: 27-35]; Farrow 1996b [control, control by chemical pesticides, description of immature stages, distribution (range), economic importance, host plant, illustration of female, illustration of immature stages, impact/damage, life history, natural enemies, parasitism: 1-4]; Elliot et al. 1998 [behaviour, description of adult, distribution (range), host plant, impact/damage: 86]; Schmidt 2006 [catalogue/checklist, host plant, synonymy: 631]; Schmidt et al. 2006 [host plant: 183].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (Capital Territory [Benson 1939, Schmidt 2006], New South Wales [Froggatt 1901, Benson 1939, Elliot et al. 1998, Schmidt 2006], Queensland [Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Elliot et al. 1998, Schmidt 2006], South Australia [Kirby 1882, Shipp 1894, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Elliot et al. 1998, Schmidt 2006], Tasmania [Westwood 1837, Lewis 1839, Westwood 1880, Kirby 1882, Shipp 1894, Konow 1905a, Morice 1919, Smith 1978, Elliott & Bashford 1995, Elliot et al. 1998, Schmidt 2006], Victoria [Brittlebank 1888, Morice 1919, Forsius 1929a, Smith 1978, Elliot et al. 1998, Schmidt 2006]).
Associations
Hosts – MYRTALES Myrtaceae: Corymbia gummifera (Gaertn.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson [Froggatt 1899, Froggatt 1901, Froggatt 1907, Leask 1946, Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006], Eucalyptus dives Schauer [Brittlebank 1888, Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006], Eucalyptus nitens Maiden [Elliott & Bashford 1995, Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006], Eucalyptus obliqua L.Hér. [Froggatt 1890a (“Saplings of ‘stringy bark’”), Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006], Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieber ex Spreng. [McKeown 1941, Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006], Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. [Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006], Eucalyptus viminalis Labill. [Elliott & Bashford 1995, Elliot et al. 1998, Schmidt 2006, Schmidt et al. 2006].
Biology
Females place two rows of eggs near the midrib of the leaf and subsequently guard their eggs and young larvae, producing a buzzing sound with jaws open when disturbed, until they die after 4-6 weeks (Lewis 1837, Froggatt 1899, 1901). Larvae feed at night and rest during the day (Lewis 1837). Larvae crawl into the ground for pupation. Larvae were observed to defoliate snow gum (Eucalyptus pauciflora ) (McKeown 1951). Lewis (1839) observed an ichneumonid wasp dead and covered with larval exudate. According to Brittlebank (1888) the female did not feed for 48 days.
Pseudoperga lucida (Rohwer)
Perga lucida Rohwer, 1910: 468-469. Type locality: Australia: New South Wales. Holotype female, by monotypy and original designation. Type depository: BMNH. Described: female.
Pseudoperga lucida: Benson, 1939: 354. Change of combination.
Citations
Morice 1919 [distribution (range), key, type information: 272]; Forsius 1927 [distribution record: 285]; Benson 1939 [description of female, distribution (range), key: 354]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist: 145]; Schmidt 2006 [catalogue/checklist: 631].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (New South Wales [Morice 1919, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006], Western Australia [Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006]).
Pseudoperga moricei (Forsius)
Perga moricei Forsius, 1927: 285, 305-306. Type locality: Australia: Boulder, Western Australia. Syntype, female. Type depository: SAMA. Described: female.
Pseudoperga moricei: Benson, 1939: 354. Change of combination.
Citations
Forsius 1927 [new taxon: 285, 305-306]; Benson 1939 [description of female, distribution (range), key: 354]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist: 145]; Schmidt 2006 [catalogue/checklist: 631].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (Western Australia [Forsius 1927, Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006]).
Pseudoperga rugiceps (Forsius)
Perga rugiceps Forsius, 1927: 285, 306-308. Type locality: Australia: Ardrossan or Kangoroo Island, South Australia. Syntype, male, female. Type depository: SAMA. Described: male, female.
Pseudoperga rugiceps: Benson, 1939: 353. Change of combination.
Citations
Benson 1939 [description of adult, distribution (range), key: 353]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist: 145]; Schmidt 2006 [catalogue/checklist: 631].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (South Australia [Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006], Western Australia [Benson 1939, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006]).
Pseudoperga ventralis (Guérin-Méneville)
Perga (Pseudoperga ) ventralis Guérin-Méneville, 1845: 399. Type locality: Australia: Tasmania. Syntype, unknown sex. Type depository: ?MNHN.
Citations
Westwood 1880 [description, distribution (range): 376-377]; Kirby 1882 [distribution (range): 23]; Froggatt 1890c [catalogue/checklist: 693]; Dalla Torre 1894 [catalogue/checklist: 351]; Konow 1905a [distribution (range), synonymy: 12]; Smith 1978 [catalogue/checklist: 145]; Schmidt 2006 [catalogue/checklist: 631].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (Tasmania [Kirby 1882, Konow 1905a, Smith 1978, Schmidt 2006]).
Pseudoperga sp.
Citations
Morrow et al. 1976 [behavioural defence, distribution record, ecology, feeding, host plant, natural enemies: 193-205].
Distribution
Australasian: Australia (Capital Territory [Morrow et al. 1976]).
Associations
Hosts – MYRTALES Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus maculosa R.Baker [Morrow et al. 1976], Eucalyptus nicholii Maiden & Blakely [Morrow et al. 1976], ?Eucalyptus risdonii Hook. [Morrow et al. 1976].